Population: Total population and distribution by age and sex estimated to be consistent with the population by age and sex of the (a) 1961, 1974, 1981, 1991, 2001, 2011 censuses; (b) population register through 2008 (voter registration for adults aged 18 years or over); (c) 1980-2017 SVRS survey estimates; (d) official estimates through 2017; and with estimates of the subsequent trends in fertility, mortality and international migration.  In addition, the 1951 Census have been considered.

Fertility: Total fertility rate and age pattern of fertility based on: (a) birth-histories data from the 1975-1976 WFS and 1980-2017 SVRS and 1988-1989 FS and 1993-1994, 1996-1997, 1999-2000, 2004, 2007, 2011, 2014 DHS and 2001, 2010 DHS Special ; (b) births in the household in the preceding 12 (or 24) months classified by age of mother from the 1961-1962 DSEP and 1962-1965 PGEE and 1985-1986, 1989, 1991 CPS and 2006, 2012-2013 MICS and 2016 BMMS; (c) indirect estimates obtained from the application of the own-children method of fertility estimation to the 1974 RSFM.  In addition, the (a) official estimates of age-specific fertility rates through 2013; (b) birth-histories data from the 1962-1965 PGEE and 1989, 1991 CPS and 2003 WHS; (c) births in the household in the preceding 12 (or 24) months classified by age of mother from the 1974 RSFM and 1975-1976 WFS and 1978 DPS and 1980 BLDS and 1983-1984 CPS and 2011 Census; (d) adjusted fertility using Brass P/F ratio method (or variants) with data on children ever born and births in the preceding 12 (or 24/36) months, both classified by age of mother, from the 1961-1962 DSEP and 1974 RSFM and 1980 BLDS; (e) adjusted fertility using Arriaga modified P/F ratio method with data on children ever born and births in the preceding 12 (or 24/36) months, both classified by age of mother, from the 1975-1976 WFS and 1980 BLDS and 1983-1984, 1985-1986, 1989, 1991 CPS and 1988-1989 FS have been considered.

Child Mortality: Under-five mortality based on: (a) official estimates of infant and child mortality through 2014; (b) registered infant and child deaths through 2016; (c) direct estimates from births and deaths under-five calculated from full birth histories data from the 1962-1965 PGEE and 1975-1976 WFS and 1980-2016 SVRS and 1988-1989 FS and 1989, 1991 CPS and 1993-1994, 1996-1997, 1999-2000, 2004, 2007, 2011, 2014 DHS and 2001 DHS Special ; (d) indirect estimates from data on children ever born and surviving from the 1974 RSFM and 1979-1980, 1981, 1983-1984, 1985-1986 CPS and 1994 HDS and 2009, 2012-2013 MICS and 2011 Census; (e) recent household deaths from the 1962-1965 PGEE and 1974 RSFM and 2001, 2010 DHS Special and 2011 Census and 2016 BMMS; (f) International estimates used up to 2017.

Overall Mortality: Life expectancy at birth and age pattern of mortality based on: (a) registered deaths by age and sex available through 1981-2017 (Sample Vital Registration System); (b) adjusted for underreporting of infant and child deaths; (c) estimates of under-five, adult and old age mortality.  In addition, the (a) official estimates through 2014; (b) registered deaths by age and sex available through 2016; (c) registered deaths by age and sex available through 2011; (d) adjusted for underreporting of infant and child deaths; (e) adult deaths adjusted for underregistration using the growth balance method; (f) adult deaths adjusted for underregistration using death distribution methods; (g) mortality rates for older ages were adjusted; (h) mortality rates were extrapolated using projection methods have been considered.
Note: For the period 1970-1975, mortality was adjusted to take into account the excess mortality associated with the 1971 civil war and independence from Pakistan, and the 1974 flood and famine.

Adult and Old Age Mortality: Estimates derived from: (a) deaths by age and sex available from SVRS through 2017; (b) adjusted for underregistration; (c) recent household deaths data by age and sex from the 1962-1965 PGEE and 1974 RSFM and 2001, 2010 DHS Special and 2011 Census and 2016 BMMS; (d) siblings deaths from the 2001, 2010 DHS Special and 2016 BMMS.  In addition, the (a) recent household deaths data by age and sex from the 1975-2016 Matlab HDSS; (b) maternal orphanhood from the 1974 RSFM and 2011 Census; (c) paternal orphanhood from the 1974 RSFM and 2011 Census; (d) indirect estimates of adult mortality based on widowhood data from the 1974 RSFM have been considered.
Note: For the period 1970-1975, mortality was adjusted to take into account the excess mortality associated with the 1971 civil war and independence from Pakistan, and the 1974 flood and famine.

Migration: International migration based on: (a) information on foreign-born populations from censuses and registers from major countries of destination; (b) information on the number of workers receiving clearances to work abroad; (c) estimates derived as the differences between overall population growth and natural increase; (d) UNHCR statistics on the number of refugees in the main countries of asylum.